ACM

Automatic Coding and Modulation (ACM) in Microwave Links

Link adaptation, or Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM), is a technique that dynamically adjusts modulation, coding and other parameters based on real-time radio link conditions such as path loss, interference, and signal strength. For instance, EDGE uses a rate adaptation algorithm to modify the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) to optimise data rate and transmission robustness based on channel quality. ACM aims to improve link efficiency by maximising network capacity over existing infrastructure while minimising sensitivity to environmental interferences.

With Adaptive Modulation, systems adjust modulation dynamically to maintain connectivity during adverse conditions like rain fade, ensuring maximum throughput in clear conditions and gradual degradation otherwise. This prevents microwave designers having to design for worst-case scenarios to avoid outages.

Benefits of ACM include:

• Longer link distances
• Using smaller antennas (saving mast space and meeting residential requirements)
• Improved link reliability (higher availability)

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